Thymosin Beta 4 (TB-500) and Related Research Studies

Thymosin Beta-4 (TB-500) is the predominant form of thymosin. This amino acid regulates actin and tissue healing. It is one of the families of 16 beta thymosins.

Thymosin is a hormonal secretion produced from the thymus. The function of the thymosin hormone is to trigger the production of T cells. T cells are specialized plasma cells. These are important for our immune system. In addition, thymosin also helps produce B cells and many antibodies. Together, these components make an integral part of the immune system.

Thymosin Beta-4 has a documented role in protecting, regenerating, and remodeling damaged tissue cells. After any tissue injury, thymosin beta 4 is released by damaged cells to protect them and reduce the inflammatory process. This peptide is present in every tissue of the body except red cells. 

Studies have shown that the first gene coding after cell damage is Thymosin Beta-4. The formation of new blood vessels is essential to promote healing. Damaged cells require early nutrients and supportive chemicals to reverse the damage. It has an angiogenic quality to stimulate the migration and proliferation of endothelial cells.

How does Thymosin Beta-4 work?

This peptide works by regulating the actin protein. Actin is a highly abundant protein in human cells. It is mandatory for cell structure, muscle contraction, and cell movement. In addition to being essential in muscle contractions, this globular protein performs many non-muscle interactions. These cellular functions include locomotion, Phagocytosis, Chemotaxis, and Cytokinesis, and it does more protein-to-protein interactions than any other protein. Actin represents a significant component of cellular structure, making up more than 10% of cell proteins.

Thymosin Beta-4 binds and sequesters the actin proteins, preventing long filament formation. Avoidance of active polymerization keeps actin available to perform its functions to the optimum. It increases the number of freely available actin molecules. Actin is the critical protein of muscles.

Besides its impact on actin, Thymosin Beta-4 performs various biological activities in different cellular pathways. Downregulating the inflammatory cascade is the most prominent of them. Moreover, it promotes cell survival and cell migration. It also helps develop new blood vessels (angiogenesis) and stem cell maturation.

Thymosin Beta-4 also covers the remaining aspects of wound healing in one way or another. After inhibiting inflammation, it also reduces apoptosis and cytotoxic damage in cells. Thymosin Beta-4 minimizes the number of myofibroblasts to reduce scarring.

Research studies in animals and humans have demonstrated the potential to prevent tissue damage and promote wound healing.

Potential Benefits of TB-500:

Thymosin Beta-4 promotes tissue health at the basic level of tissue remodeling.

● Improved muscles tone and fewer muscle spasms
● Enhanced muscle strength and endurance
● It helps in the availability of more stem cells and connective tissue.
● Differentiation of endothelial stem cells into blood and lymphatic vessels
● Prompt and better tissue repair in healing ulcers and wounds like pressure ulcers, intestinal lesions
● Decreased inflammation of tissues in muscles and joints
● Reduction of infarct size and better contractility of heart muscles after myocardial infarction
● Prevention of adhesive bands in muscles, tendons, and ligaments
● Protection against fibrosis in liver
● Improved collagen deposition and keratinocytes migration for accelerated skin healing
● It can help protect and restore neuronal cells after brain injury and autoimmune inflammation.

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