Research of AOD 9604 in Fat Reduction and Metabolic Regulation

AOD9604 peptide is a synthetic version of human growth hormone (HGH), a revised version of hGH fragment 176-191 with a disulfide bridge. Despite the peptide’s primary role in fat reduction (lipolysis), scientific evidence suggests that it is vital in heart disease, hypercholesterolemia (the metabolic syndrome), osteoarthritis, and cartilage restoration.

While inhibiting lipogenesis, AOD9604 stimulates and improves lipolysis (fat disintegration or breakdown). The peptide does not affect IGF-1 or insulin levels and cannot be used to predict diabetes or glucose intolerance.^[1] Researchers report that “chronic treatment with AOD9604 showed no adverse effect on insulin sensitivity of the animals, as demonstrated with euglycemic clamp techniques.” There is also no evidence that the peptide leads to the formation of antibodies. ^[2]

How AOD9604 May Impact Fat Burning according to Studies

• The peptide stimulates the pituitary gland by acting directly on it. This appears to be the same mechanism of action as GH, as it mimics the actions of the natural growth hormone on body fat metabolism. AOD9604 accelerates the body’s fat-burning process and restores anabolism by acting on the pituitary gland.
• The compound does not seem to affect appetite or blood sugar levels.

The Role of AOD9604 in Obese Individuals

• AOD9604 is a synthetic analog of HGH for fat loss. However, in Australia, three hundred obese people were tested in phase 2b clinical trials. Inference proved that the peptide-initiated weight loss three times faster than the placebo after 12 weeks of administration, and the weight loss rate remained consistent throughout the trial.^[3] It was discovered that peptide resistance is unlikely, and that long-term use would cause weight loss.
• AOD9604 research in mice demonstrates that the peptide affects more than just the beta-3-adrenergic receptors on white fat.^[4] The scientists revealed that “both hGH and AOD9604 are capable of increasing the repressed levels of beta(3)-AR RNA in obese mice to levels comparable with those in lean mice.” Initially, it was assumed that AOD9604 increased the metabolic rate in fat cells by binding to these receptors and switching them from storage to user mode. However, even mice lacking these receptors lost fat after being given AOD9604.
• Because the beta-3-adrenergic receptor influences fat loss because of AOD9604, another mechanism must be at work. The compound may indirectly stimulate apoptosis in white fat cells, according to this theory.

How AOD9604 May Impact Joint Pain

• The peptide appears to be effective in treating the root cause of osteoarthritis and functioning as a treatment and preventative due to changes in the gross clinical exam and microscopic structure of the cartilage in the arthritic joint.

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References

1. Ng FM, Sun J, Sharma L, Libinaka R, Jiang WJ, Gianello R. Metabolic studies of a synthetic lipolytic domain (AOD9604) of human growth hormone. Horm Res. 2000;53(6):274-8. doi: 10.1159/000053183. PMID: 11146367.
2. Stier, Heike, Evert Vos, and David Kenley. “Safety and tolerability of the hexadecapeptide AOD9604 in humans.” Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 3.1-2 (2013): 7-15.
3. Zieba R. Otyłość: przeglad aktualnie stosowanych leków i nowych zwiazków poddawanych ocenie klinicznej [Obesity: a review of currently used antiobesity drugs and new compounds in clinical development]. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2007 Oct 19;61:612-26. Polish. PMID: 17971763.
4. Heffernan M, Summers RJ, Thorburn A, Ogru E, Gianello R, Jiang WJ, Ng FM. The effects of human GH and its lipolytic fragment (AOD9604) on lipid metabolism following chronic treatment in obese mice and beta(3)-AR knock-out mice. Endocrinology. 2001 Dec;142(12):5182-9. doi: 10.1210/endo.142.12.8522. PMID: 11713213.
5. Jensen MD. Potential role of new therapies in modifying cardiovascular risk in overweight patients with metabolic risk factors. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006 Jun;14 Suppl 3:143S-149S. doi: 10.1038/oby.2006.294. PMID: 16931496.
6. Kwon DR, Park GY. Effect of Intra-articular Injection of AOD9604 with or without Hyaluronic Acid in Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2015 Summer;45(4):426-32. PMID: 26275694.