Nonapeptide-1 (Topical) (200mg)

Nonapeptide-1 (Topical) Peptide

Nonapeptide-1 (topical) also termed Melanostatine-5, is a peptide developed for its potential antimicrobial action. Research on animal models suggests that Nonapeptide-1 may inhibit the synthesis of melanin, bringing it to the forefront of research on conditions impacting the extracellular matrix of skin, such as melasma. Studies in animal models posit that Nonapeptide-1 may reduce the synthesis of melanin and potentially decrease pigmentation on a considerable scale.^[1] Nonapeptide-1 consists of the amino acids arginine-methionine-lysine-phenylalanine-proline-tryptophan-valine. A skin cell type, “Melanocytes,” produce a chemical called melanin, and the difference in the levels of melanin is considered to impart degrees of pigmentation and UV radiation protection. Nonapeptide-1 has been extensively researched for its potential impact on melanin levels.

Specifications

Sequence: Met-Pro-D-Phe-Arg-D-Trp-Phe-Lys-Pro-Val

Molecular Formula: C₆₁H₈₇N₁₅O₉S

Molecular Weight: 1206.52g/mol

Synonyms: Melanostatine, Oxytocin Intermediate-nine peptide, Melanostatine-5

Nonapeptide-1 Research

Nonapeptide-1 was first discovered in yeast Streptomyces clavifer, where it was classified as an antimicrobial agent. Recent research suggests that the Nonapeptide-1 may act as an inhibitor of the formation of melanin in the laboratory study of melanoma and yeast.^[2] The researchers also noted that “Melanostatin strongly inhibited melanin formation in Streptomyces bikiniensis NRRL B-1049 and B16 melanoma cells.” Nonapeptide-1 is of research interest based on its supposed ability to decrease hyperpigmentation by bringing to a halt the activities of Tyrosinase in Melanin-producing cells. The regulation of melanin production is a vital process in the approach of several conditions such as photo damage of the skin (melasma). Scientific research posits that Nonapeptide-1 may function in the Central Nervous System as a Dopaminergic and an Opioid receptor—to modify pain signaling and behavior. Studies on mouse models support the hypothesis that Nonapeptide-1 may play a role in the Central Nervous system—its activities may potentially change behavior patterns and pain.^[3]

Nonapeptide-1 and General Functioning
Nonapeptide has been studied for potential action across multiple fields of research, but is most commonly present in research studies of skin cell cultures, as a potential inhibitor of melanin synthesis—which functions to inhibit the activities of Tyrosinase, preventing melanocytes from producing melanin. In animal studies, the inhibition of Tyrosinase by Nonapeptide-1 may help reduce hyperpigmentation in the skin and lighten the dark spots following UV radiation and certain diseases. Scientific research suggests that Nonapeptide-1 may function to reduce pigmentation, or melanin synthesis, by inhibiting the actions of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone—MSH.^[4]

Nonapeptide-1 appears to be a biomimetic peptide antagonist of the a-MSH. Biomimetic peptides are more or less identical to skin peptides and act on the physiological mechanisms of the skin with possibly eminent precision. Nonapeptide-1 appears to function to contend against the natural ligand (a-MSH) on its specific receptor, MC1-R, inhibiting about 33% of melanin synthesis induced by the receptor. Therefore, it may function to prevent further activation of Tyrosinase, in turn blocking melanin synthesis.

Nonapeptide-1 and Pigmentation
Nonapeptide-1 has been researched for its potential to reduce melanin concentration and potentially mitigate pigmentation of the skin surface. It appears to close receptor entry, weaken melanocyte activities, decrease the production of melanin, and function to stabilize skin color. Fungi research on Nonapeptide-1 posits that at a concentration of about 200 ug/mL, it may inhibit the synthesis of melanin II.  Research in animal models reported that after 28 days of Nonapeptide-1 exposure, a rapid reduction in pigmentation was noticed and recorded.^[4] The scientists also “suggest that peptide-mediated inhibition of melanogenesis is due to reduction in tyrosinase activity.” Nonapeptide-1 may inhibit tyrosinase activities by 25-35% in animal models and decrease the melanin content of melanocytes by 27-43% at a micromolar concentration of 100.

Nonapeptide-1 Additional Research
Studies suggest that Nonapeptide may have minimal effects in the following areas of research: cancer research, potential in immunotoxicology research, and reingredientive and developmental toxicity studies. While Nonapeptide-1 may impart multiple impacts upon skin cells, it has been reported in experimental studies to exhibit certain ancillary action, potentially temporarily blocking chemicals that initiate muscle contraction.

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References